Tornio verticale (a giostra)

Vertical lathe is used for chip machining. During this process the workpiece is clamped in a horizontal position on the clamping plate with manual or hydraulic chucks.The axis of the rotation of the clamped part is vertical. 

Vertical lathes are therefore primarily used for turning of large and heavy workpieces. 

Both rotating and non-rotating components can be machined and clamped. Vertical lathes enable turning of frontal, cylindrical, conical and general rotary internal or external surfaces. Also turning of internal and external threads on cylindrical and conical surfaces with constant and variable pitch.

If accessories are used, other operations are also possible.

Machine which is equipped with C axis and live tools is possible to use direct rotary heads for milling. This enables them to drill holes, but also cut threads or mill grooves of general shapes. The machine can be also equipped with angle head which allows drilling, milling and threading at different angles relative to the axis of the clamping plate. Another possibility is to use a grinding device for frontal and peripheral grinding of internal and external surfaces.

Basic mechanical distinction of vertical lathes:

• clamping diameter of rotary table
• double column machine
• single column machine

The height of the workpiece is determined by setting the position of the crossrail and the maximum slide out of the ram (axis Z).

Among other main parts of vertical lathes are: crossrail, ram, clamping plate, beds, column, turning tool holders, straight and angular rotation heads, cooling of tools, water management, chip conveyor. The machine cover then ensures the safety of the machine operator.  

Vertical lathes - carousels are after divided into:

• Two - axes machines, enabling machining and turning in axis X and Z.
• Multi-axis vertical lathes X , Z , C, which enables both turning and securing precise positioning of the table and the possibility of using rotary tools for drilling, milling or grinding.
• according to the CNC control system - SIEMENS, FANUC, FAGOR, ECS, MEFI and others.

Among the most popular producers of vertical lathes are: 

TOS HULIN a.s., ČKD Blansko, OMOS Blansko, PIETRO CARNAGHI, SORALUCE, YOU-JI, YU SHINE, Doosan, Mazak, SCHIESS, RAFAMET, DMG MORI, Berthiez, Titan, Dorries, Morando and many others.