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Grinding is a technology of precision chip machining. Nowadays, it is possible to reach precision in order of tenths of micrometers and surface roughness of up to 0,2 micrometer. Grinders are thus indispensable in the machinery industry and form an important part of the production process. In general, grinding is a technology that works on the principle of the material removal from the surface layer of the workpiece with fine grains of abrasive material, which are most often bonded to the grinding wheel.   

Grinders with centers and without centers:

Among the cylindrical grinders we differentiate grinders with centers and without centers. These machines are used for grinding internal and external rotating surfaces. 

In case of center grinders the workpiece is usually clamped between centers and rotation is realized using a driver, which is fixed to the surface of the workpiece and tied to headstock. In most cases the workpiece rotates against the direction of rotation of the grinding wheel. Most common models from producer TOS we can mention:

• BHU,
• BUB,
• BUC,
• BUT,
• BUA,
• UB….and many others. 

Grinding is realized using the rotation of the grinding wheel, which grinds the surface of the workpiece as it rotates. Most popular producers of such grinders are: FERMAT, TOS, STUDER, DANOBAT, KELLENBERGER, ERWIN JUNKER, SCHAUDT.

Centerless grinders are also intended for grinding rotary surfaces. The clamping of the workpiece on the machine is different. It is supported with support ruler and the workpiece is placed between two discs – abrasive and drifting. The grinding wheel usually spins faster and does the grinding itself.  The drive disc is most often made of flexible material (for example rubber) and ensures sufficient pressure. 

A special category of grinders are grinders used for grinding of internal rotating surfaces. They works similarly to center grinders. However, the workpiece is just clamped on one side in the chuck or collet so that the hole can be ground from the other side.